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Natural Resources Research - 相似文献
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Stella Tamburrino Donatella D. Insinga Mario Sprovieri Paola Petrosino Massimo Tiepolo 《第四纪科学杂志》2012,27(2):129-140
A detailed tephrochronological study was carried out on the deep‐sea core collected from Site 963A in the Sicily Channel during ODP Leg 160. The chronology of the succession is provided by an age–depth model based on isotope stratigraphy and quantitative eco‐biostratigraphy. Major, trace and rare earth element content was obtained on single glass grains through electron probe micro‐analysis and laser ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry techniques from six well‐preserved tephra layers, characterized by a discrete thickness found along the succession. These deposits were correlated with the volcanic activity of Pantelleria and dated at 42.5, 127.5, 128.1, 129.1, 188.7 and 197.7 ka. This detailed chemical characterization of the studied deposits aims to provide a valuable reference database for scientists working on both proximal and distal products erupted at Pantelleria island during the Late Pleistocene. This study, moreover, offers the opportunity to better identify Pantelleria‐related marker tephras within the tephrochronological framework of the central and eastern Mediterranean area. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Roberto Sulpizio Giovanni Zanchetta Benoit Caron Pierfrancesco Dellino Daniela Mele Biagio Giaccio Donatella Insinga Martine Paterne Giuseppe Siani Antonio Costa Giovanni Macedonio Roberto Santacroce 《Bulletin of Volcanology》2014,76(10):1-8
Volcanic ash produced during explosive eruptions can have very severe impacts on modern technological societies. Here, we use reconstructed patterns of fine ash dispersal recorded in terrestrial and marine geological archives to assess volcanic ash hazards. The ash-dispersal maps from nine Holocene explosive eruptions of Italian volcanoes have been used to construct frequency maps of distal ash deposition over a wide area, which encompasses central and southern Italy, the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian seas and the Balkans. The maps are presented as two cumulative-thickness isopach maps, one for nine eruptions from different volcanoes and one for six eruptions from Somma-Vesuvius. These maps represent the first use of distal ash layers to construct volcanic hazard maps, and the proposed methodology is easily applicable to other volcanic areas worldwide. 相似文献
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Laura Donatella Campisi 《Computational Geosciences》2017,21(3):519-531
A method using multilayer perceptrons for analysing diffusion profiles and sketching the temperature history of geological samples is explored. Users of this method can intuitively test and compare results thinking in terms of analytical solutions of the diffusion equation whilst the bulk of the work is made computationally. Being neither completely analytical nor numerical, the method is a hybrid and represents an ideal man-machine interaction. The approach presented in this paper should be preferred when the retrieval of the diffusion coefficients from concentration profiles using dimensionless parameters is not possible and/or there is more than one unknown parameter in the analytical solution of the diffusion equation. Its versatility is a key factor for extending the potential of Dodson’s formulation. The case of a species produced by a radiogenic source and diffusing in a cooling system is therefore discussed. Both the classical change of variable for diffusion coefficients depending on time and an alternative approach decomposing the overall effect of diffusion into a sum of effects due to smaller events could be used to tackle this problem. As multilayer perceptrons can approximate any function, none of the assumptions originally stated by Dodson are necessary. 相似文献
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Massimo Zecchin † Francesco Massari Donatella Mellere‡ Giacomo Prosser§ 《Basin Research》2004,16(1):117-143
The complex development of the northern Crotone Basin, a forearc basin of the Calabrian Arc (Southern Italy), has been documented by sedimentological, stratigraphic and structural analyses. This Mediterranean‐type fault bounded basin consists of small depocentres commonly characterized by a mix of facies that grades from continental to shallow marine. The lower Pliocene infill of the Crotone Basin consists of offshore marls (Cavalieri Marl) that grade upwards into a shallow‐marine to continental succession up to 850 m thick (Zinga Formation). The succession is subdivided into three main stratal units: Zinga 1, Zinga 2, Zinga 3 bounded by major unconformities. The Zinga 1 stratal unit grades from the Cavalieri Marl to deltaic and shoreface deposits, the latter organized into several stacked progradational wedges that show spectacular thickness changes and progressive unconformities related to salt‐cored NE‐trending growth folds and listric normal faults. The Zinga 2 stratal unit records a progressive and moderate deepening of the area, marked by fluvial sedimentation at the base, followed by lagoonal deposits and by a stacking of mixed bioclastic and siliciclastic shoreface units, organized into metre‐scale high‐frequency cycles. Deposition was controlled by NE‐trending synsedimentary normal faults that dissected the basin into a series of half‐grabens. Hangingwall stratigraphic expansion was compensated by footwall condensed sedimentation. The extensional tectonic regime continued during sedimentation of the Zinga 3 stratal unit. Deposition confined within structural lows during a generalized transgressive phase led to local enhancement of tidal flows and development of sand‐wave trains. The tectonic setting testifies the generalized structural domain of a forearc region. The angular unconformity at the top of the Zinga 3 stratal unit is regional, and marks the activation of a large‐scale tectonic phase linked to strike‐slip movements. 相似文献
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Structural, geomorphological, geophysical and volcanological data have been processed for the implementation of a dedicated
GIS through which the structural evolution of the Pleistocene trachytic Cimini volcano (central Italy) has been reconstructed.
The evolution of the Cimini complex includes three main close-in time phases: (1) intrusion of a shallow laccolith, rising
along NW and NE trending faults and stagnating at the contact between the Mesozoic-Cenozoic and the Pliocene-Pleistocene sedimentary
units constituting the bedrock of the volcano; (2) emplacement of lava domes along radial and tangential fractures formed
by the swelling induced by the laccolith growth; (3) ignimbrite eruptions and final effusion of olivine-latitic lavas. Domes
are both of Pelean and low lava dome type and their morphology was controlled by the location on the inclined surface of the
swelled area. Some domes show to have uplifted upper Pliocene thermally metamorphosed clay sediments, suggesting a cryptodome-like
growth. Comparison of the top of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic units with the top of the upper Pliocene-Pleistocene sedimentary complex,
suggests that the laccolith emplaced in a graben of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic sedimentary complex filled by the Pliocene–Pleistocene
sediments uplifted by the shallow intrusion. Stress patterns acting on the Cimini area have been deduced analysing the drainage
network and the morphotectonic lineaments. Rose diagrams show a large dispersion of the lineaments reflecting the local presence
of radial and tangential fractures. The most frequent extensional NW and NE trending lineaments have regional significance
and controlled the magma uprise leading to the laccolith emplacement. 相似文献